Accredited ACH Professional (AAP) Practice Exam

The type of risk that involves the inability of a party to a transaction to provide necessary funds for settlement is credit risk. Credit risk arises when one party to a financial transaction is unable to fulfill their contractual payment obligations, leading to potential losses for the other party involved. In the context of ACH transactions, if a payer does not have sufficient funds to cover a transaction, the recipient may not receive the expected payment, impacting their cash flow and financial standing.

While operational risk relates to failures in internal processes, systems, or human error, liquidity risk specifically concerns the availability of cash or liquid assets to meet short-term obligations and does not directly address the creditworthiness of a party in a transaction. Fraud risk, on the other hand, involves the possibility of financial loss due to deceptive practices rather than an inability to make payments. Thus, the concept of credit risk directly aligns with the scenario of not being able to provide necessary funds for settlement.